Beneath the Underground: The Flight to Freedom. Icons used in advertisements for runaway slaves by the Planter's Advocate (P.G. Co., ca. 1850s)
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  • Slavery, Resistance, and Flight
    by John Gartrell


    Notes
    1. Elizabeth, Memoir of Old Elizabeth, a Colored Woman (Philadelphia 1863), 4. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/eliza1/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    2. Leonard Black, The Life and Sufferings of Leonard Black, a Fugitive from Slavery Written by Himself (New Bedford 1847), 12. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/black/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    3. Jacob Green, Narrative of the life of J. D. Green, a Runaway Slave, from Kentucky, Containing an Account of his Three Escapes, in 1839, 1846, and 1848 (Huddersfield 1864), 22. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/greenjd/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    4. James Watkins, Narrative of the of James Watkins, formerly a "Chattel" in Maryland, U.S.; Containing an Account of his Escape from Slavery, Together with an appeal on Behalf of Three Millions of Such "Pieces of Property," Still Under the Standard of the Eagle (Bolton 1852), 11. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/watkin52/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    5. James W.C. Pennington, The Fugitive Blacksmith; or, Events in the History of James W.C. Pennington, a Pastor of a Presbyterian Church, New York, Formerly a Slave in the State of Maryland, United States (London 1849), 10. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/penning49/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    6. Josiah Henson, The Life of Josiah Henson, Formerly a Slave, Now an Inhabitant of Canada, as Narrated by Himself (Boston 1849), 1. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/henson49/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    7. Samuel Ward, Autobiography of a Fugitive Negro: His Anti-Slavery Labours in the United States, Canada, & England (London 1855), 20.http://docsouth.unc.edu/wards/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    8. Watkins, 11.

    9. Pennington, 14.

    10. John Thompson, The Life of John Thompson, a Fugitive Slave; Containing His 25 Years in Bondage, and His Providential Escape, Written by Himself (Worchester, 1856), 85-86. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/thompson/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    11. Watkins, 23.

    12. Henson, 50.

    13. James Williams, Narrative of James Williams, an American Slave, Who was for Several Years a Driver on a Cotton Plantation in Alabama (New York 1838), 10. http://docsouth.unc.edu/williams/menu.html © This work is the property of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement of availability is included in the text.

    14. Thompson, John, 89-98.

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